How is incidence of serous ovarian tumors?

➢ The low grade serous carcinoma arise from benign or borderline lesions and progress slowly in a stepwise manner to become invasive carcinoma. ➢ These low-grade tumors are associated with mutations in genes encoding signaling proteins, such as KRAS, a member of the RAS gene family. ➢ The high-grade serous tumors develop rapidly. ➢ TP53 mutations are virtually ubiquitous in high-grade serous cancers, being present in over 95% of cases. ➢ Other frequently mutated genes include the tumor suppressors NF1 and RB, as well as BRCA1 and BRCA2 in familial ovarian cancers.