How is classification of serous ovarian tumors?

➢ Between clearly benign and obviously malignant forms lie borderline tumors, which exhibit less cytologic atypia and typically no stromal invasion ➢ Borderline tumors may seed the peritoneum, but fortunately the tumor implants usually are “noninvasive.” ➢ In general, malignant serous tumors spread throughout the peritoneal cavity and to regional lymph nodes ➢ Distant lymphatic and hematogenous metastases are infrequent. ➢ The prognosis for patients with high-grade serous carcinoma is poor, even after surgery and chemotherapy, and depends heavily on the stage of the disease at diagnosis. ➢ borderline tumors are associated with nearly 100% survival. ➢ women with BRCA1/2 somatic mutations tend to have a better prognosis.