What are the key features of the Dutch healthcare system?

Baseds on Mandatory Residence Insurance (MRI) introduced in 2006, replacing the prior dual SHI-private system. • Healthcare is segmented into three tiers: 1. Exceptional care (long-term care): Covered by a public insurance scheme (WLZ) 2. Essential care (primary and hospital care): Covered by mandatory private insurance with government-defined benefits. 3. Complementary care (dental care for adults): Covered by voluntary private insurance. Private nonprofit insurers complete to offer the mandatory package under strict regulation, including community rating and risk adjustment. Patients pay flat premiums, which are not income-based, but low-income earners receive income-based subsidies to ensure affordability.