ANAPHYSIOLOGY LECTURE
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ANAPHYSIOLOGY LECTURE - Details
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101 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| - Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk, or farther form the origin of the structure | Distal |
| - Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk, or farther form the origin of the structure | Distal |
| - Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk, or farther form the origin of the structure | Distal |
| - Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk, or farther form the origin of the structure | Distal |
| - Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk, or farther form the origin of the structure | Distal |
| Concerned with the function of the organ | Physiology |
| Studies structure that can be seen in the naked eye | Gross anatomy |
| Studies structure that can be seen with the aid of microscope | Microscopic anatomy |
| Study surface markings of the body to understand inside anatomy through visualization and palpation | Surface anatomy |
| Studies structures of specific body systems. | Systemic anatomy |
| Studies structures found within specific regions of the body. | Regional anatomy |
| Studies structures that be viewed with x-rays, MRI and CT scans. | Radiographic anatomy |
| Studies changes (Gross-Microscopic) in organs or tissues associated with the disease process. | Pathological anatomy |
| Study of the development of the first 8 weeks of development after fertilization of the human egg. | Embryology |
| Studies the complete development of an individual from fertilization to death. | Developmental biology |
| Study of hormones. | Endocrinology |
| Function of nerves. | Neurophysiology |
| Function of the kidneys. | Renal physiology |
| – function of the lungs and air passageways. | Respiratory physiology |
| Function of the heart and blood vessels. | Cardiovascular physiology |
| Functional changes associated with the disease and aging. | Pathophysiology |
| • Atoms and Molecules; smallest unit of matter that can participate in chemical reactions. | Chemical level |
| Types of tissue | Connnective tissue Muscle tissue Epithelial tissue Nervous tissue |
| Ability to detect and respond to changes. | Responsiveness |
| Increase in blood insulin | Hyperglycemia |
| Decrease in blood insulin | Hypoglycemia |
| Cycle of events in which the status of a body condition is monitored, evaluated, changed, | Feedback system |
| Most of the time the brain; sets rage of values within which a controlled condition should be maintained. | Control center |
| Body structure that monitors changes in controlled condition and sends input to the control center. | Receptor/sensor |
| Reverse the change in the controlled condition. | Negative feedback system |
| Tends to strengthen or reinforce a change in one body’s controlled conditions. | Positive feedback system |
| Standard position of reference | • Anatomical Position |
| If the body is lying face down | Prone position |
| MAJOR REGION OF THE BODY | HEAD, NECK, TRUNK, UPPER LIMBs, LOWER LIMBS |
| – shoulder to elbow | Proximal |
| Buttocks, thigh, leg, ankle ,foot | Lower limbs |
| - Upper part of a structure; Towards the head | Superio/cephalic/cranial |
| - Towards the surface of the body | Superficial |
| - Away from the head and lower part of a structure | Inferior/caudal |
| - Near to or at the front of the body | Anterior/ventral |
| - Near to or at the back of the body | Posterior/dorsal |
| - Nearer to the midline | Medial |
| - Farther from the midline | Lateral |
| On the opposite side of the body as another structure | - contralateral |
| - Nearer to the attachment of the limb to the trunk, or nearer to the origin of the structure | Proximal |
| - Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk, or farther form the origin of the structure | Distal |
| Divides the body into two equal parts (right and left) | Midsagittal/median |
| Divides the body into front and back (divides the body into front/back, ventral/dorsal or anterior/posterior) | Frontal/coronal plane |
| Divides the body into superior and inferior | Transverse plane/ horizontal plane |
| Contains the brain | Cranial cavity |
| Contains spinal cord | Vertebral /spinal |
| Also known as chest cavity. Formed by the ribs, muscles of the chest, sternum, and thoracic portion of the vertebral column | Thoracic cavity |
| Fluid- filled space that encloses the heart | Pericardial cavity |
| 2 fluid-filled spaces that encloses the lungs | Pleural cavity |
| Central portion of the thoracic cavity | Mediastinum |
| Under mediastinum | Thymus Esophagus Trachea Aorta |
| Contains the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small, intestine, and most of the large intestine | Abdominal cavity |
| Double layered membrane covering the body cavities that do not directly open to the exterior | Serous membrane |
| The membrane that is directly in contact with the heart is called | Visceral pericardium/membrane |
| Provides the wall of the cavity | Parietal pericardium cavity |
| Between the visceral and parietal membrane | Pericardial cavity/fluid |
| Comes in contact directly with the lungs | Visceral pleura |
| Membrane that forms the wall of the cavity | Parietal pleura |