Chapter 8: Cardiovascular and Peripheral Vascular Disorders
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Chapter 8: Cardiovascular and Peripheral Vascular Disorders - Leaderboard
Chapter 8: Cardiovascular and Peripheral Vascular Disorders - Details
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35 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| How large is the heart? | Not much larger than your fist |
| Where is the heart located? | 2/3 lies left of the midline, the base lies superior and beneath the 2nd rib, The apex lies inferiorly, slightly to the left between the fifth and sixth ribs near the diaphragm |
| What is the pericardium? | Two-layered serous membrane that covers the entire structure of the heart. Between these layers is fluid that allows the heart to move without friction as it contracts and relaxes |
| What is the Myocardium? | The thickest and strongest layer of the heart. It is composed of cardiac muscle tissue. Contraction of this tissue is responsible for pumping blood |
| What is the endocardium? | The innermost layer which is composed of a thin layer of connective tissue. It lines the interior of the heart, the valves and the larger vessels of the heart |
| What is the septum? | A muscular partition by which the heart is divided into a right and left half |
| What is the right atrium? | The upper right chamber of the heart by which deoxygenated blood flows into the heart structure from the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava |
| What is the right ventricle? | The lower right chamber of the heart. it receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs via pulmonary artery for gas exchange |
| What is the left atrium? | The upper left chamber of the heart which receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins |
| What is the left ventricle | The lower left chamber of the heart which receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium. It is the thickest most muscular part of the heart and pups the oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all parts of the body |
| The left and right side of the heart serve as two separate pumps what are their purposes? | The right side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it into the pulmonary artery and the left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it through the body |
| What are the 2 Atrioventricular valves? | The right AV valve or tricuspid and the left AV valve or mitral valve |
| What are the function of the Atrioventricular valves? | To prevent blood backflow |
| This valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and has two cusps | Bicuspid or mitral valve |
| This valve is located between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery and is responsible for pushing blood out of the right ventricle and through the pulmonary artery | Pulmonary Semilunar Valve |
| This valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta and is responsible for pushing blood out of the left ventricle and into the aorta | Aortic Semilunar valve |
| Why are they known as semilunar valves? | They have three cusps in the shape of a half moon |
| What is automaticity? | The ability of the heart muscle tissue to contract in a rhythmic pattern |
| What is irritability? | The ability of the heart muscle cells to respond to a stimulus in the same way that nerve cells do |
| What two characteristics of the heart affect the function of its conduction system? | Automaticity and irritability |
| Hormones, ion concentration and changes in body temperature can have what affect on the heart? | They can change conduction of messages around the heart, initiate heartbeat, and change coordination of beating patterns between the atria and the ventricles |
| Where is the heartbeat initiated? | Sinoatrial Node(Pacemaker) |
| Where is the SA node located? | Right beneath the opening of the superior vena cava in the right atrium of the heart |
| Where is the impulse from the SA node sent? | To the AV node |
| Where is the AV node located? | In the base of the right atrium |
| What purpose does the AV node serve? | It slows the impulse allowing complete contraction of the atrium and the filling of ventricles before passing the impulse to the bundle of His. |
| What purpose does the bundle of His serve? | It divides the impulse into right and left bundle branches and into smaller branches called Perkinje fibers |
| What purpose do the Perkinje fibers serve? | They surround the ventricles and carry the impulse causing the ventricles to contract, emptying the ventricles |
| What is a cardiac cycle? | One complete heartbeat |