ENDDNT
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Surgical removal of tooth structure:Remove one root leaving the other root with the crown | Root-end resection |
| Surgical removal of tooth structure:removing a part of the tooth and preserving half of it | Hemisection |
| Tooth has already been treated with endodontic therapy, but it was not properly done or there is a pathosis that arises (poor prognosis) | Retreatment of teeth |
| Pre-Science | 1776 to 1826 |
| Age of Discovery | 1826 to 1876 |
| The Dark Age | 1876 to 1926 |
| The Renaissance | 1926 to 1976 |
| The Innovation Era | 1977 to 1998 to present |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS: skull dating from the second or third century B.C. found in the Negev Desert in Israel had bronze wire in one of its teeth | Pre-Science: 1776 to 1826 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:abscesses treated with leeches | Pre-Science: 1776 to 1827 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS: pulps being cauterized with red hot cauteries | Pre-Science: 1776 to 1828 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS: entire root canals filled with gold | Pre-Science: 1776 to 1829 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS: endodontist who practices any form of power driven root canal preparation | Dr. Angelo Sargenti |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS: First to introduce single visit endodontics | Dr. Angelo Sargenti |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS: establishment and of the science of dentistry | Age of Discovery: 1826 to 1876 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS: publication of a dental journal | Age of Discovery: 1826 to 1877 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:formation of proper dental schools | Age of Discovery |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:discovery of anesthesia | Age of Discovery: 1826 to 1879 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:gutta percha points were created to fill root canals | Age of Discovery: 1826 to 1880 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:barbed broaches became available for cleaning and enlarging canals | Age of Discovery: 1826 to 1881 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:medications were created for treating pulpal infections and cements were discovered to fill them | Age of Discovery: 1826 to 1882 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:discovery of the X-ray | The Dark Age: 1876 to 1926 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:advancement of general anesthesia to local anaesthesia | The Dark Age: 1876 to 1927 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:wholesale extraction of teeth and very little endodontics was practiced | The Dark Age: 1876 to 1928 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:hardly any innovation took place | The Dark Age: 1876 to 1929 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:"focal infection" theory- | The Dark Age: 1876 to 1930 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:used radiographs for diagnosis and during root canal treatment | C. Edmund Kells |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:states that bacteria from an inflamed part could migrate and metastasize to other parts of the body | "focal infection" theory |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:first text book "Root Canal Therapy" by Dr. Grossman | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1976 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:root canal instruments got standardized and became available more readily | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1977 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:establishment of the American Association of Endodontics and the American Board of Endodontics | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1978 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:establishment of numerous dental schools worldwide | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1979 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:teaching the science of endodontics as a dental specialty | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1980 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:establishment of a number of journals solely devoted to this specialty | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1981 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:huge number of research projects for post graduate curriculum | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1982 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:introduction of the Gyromatic handpiece | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1983 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:rise and then the decline of the silver point for filling of root canals | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1984 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:gutta-percha became the material of choice for obturation | The Renaissance: 1926 to 1985 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:Improved and better forms of biomechanical preparation | Innovation Era: 1977 to 1998 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:Obturation techniques are becoming simpler, easier and faster | Innovation Era: 1977 to 1999 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:Improved and better forms of biomechanical preparation | Innovation Era: 1977 to 2000 |
| HISTORY OF ENDODONTICS:Obturation techniques are becoming | Innovation Era: 1977 to 2001 |
| Basic Concept of Root Canal Therapy: the extent of damage depends on the ______ of microorganisms and the _____ of the host. | Virulence/ number; resistance |
| EQUIPMENTS USED IN ENDODONTICS:clearly see the canal through loops or microscope | Endodontic visualization |
| EQUIPMENTS USED IN ENDODONTICS:magnify the area you are treating; may be used in cavity preparation | Dental loop |
| EQUIPMENTS USED IN ENDODONTICS:glassbead sterilizer | Chairside sterilizer |
| EQUIPMENTS USED IN ENDODONTICS:measure the correct working length; up to apical constriction only | Apex locator |
| EQUIPMENTS USED IN ENDODONTICS:used to dry the canal | Absorbent Paper Point |
| The greatest development in endodontic knowledge is the discovery of the __________of the root canal system | Variations and ramifications |
| Understanding how endodontics can and should be the most productive part of you practice | "Endonomics" |
| It is where the pulp is located and found at the center of the tooth; It is unique for every tooth and is highly variable | ROOT CANAL SYSTEM |
| Common teeth to expose pulp horns | Mn 1st premolars and molars in young patients |
| Encloses the coronal pulp | Pulp chamber |
| Houses the radicular pulp | Root canal |
| Highest area following the cusps | Pulp horn |
| Minute structures leading to PDL | RC, LC, AC |
| Basis of access prep | Enamel triangle |
| Accentuation of cementum towards pulp chamber inside | LINGUAL SHELF |
| Average distance of apical constriction | 0.5-.0.7mm |
| Safety clearance/allowance | 0.5 to 1 mm |
| Terminate working length at ______ in order to have ______ | Apical Constriction; APICAL STOP |
| The shape of the pulp chamber and the outline of the canals is a reflection of the outline of the | Surface of the crown and root. |
| DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR:roof location | Cervical 3rd of the crown |
| DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR:roof texture | Rough, no definite shape |
| DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR: floor location | Cervical 3rd of the root |
| DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR: floor texture | Smooth, convex |
| METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL: A two dimensional picture of a three dimensional object | Radiographic |
| METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL(disadvantage): histologic | True features of the canal might be destroyed during processing |
| METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL(disadvantage): ground section | Might destroy the real features of the anatomy |
| METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL(disadvantage): radiographic | Only the dimensions is seen but not the depth |
| METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL(disadvantage): Computed tomography (CT) | Radiation exposure is high |