Food Theory
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Food Theory - Details
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506 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| What is protein made up of | Amino Acids |
| List 4 uses of protein | 1. Growth 2. Repair of organs 3. Maintenance- producing antibodies to prevent illness 4. Secondary Source of Energy |
| What kind of amino acids do humans have in their body and what amino acids do they need to gain by eating | Non-essential amino acids, essential amino acids |
| What does HBV stand for? | High biological value |
| What food source can you find HBV the most. Then, state two examples of foods. | Animal source, chicken and soya beans |
| What type of amino acids do HBV contain | Have all essential amino acids that human need |
| What does LBV stand for | Low biological value |
| What food source can you only find LBV. Then, list two examples of the foods | Plant-based foods (cereal, nuts) |
| What is protein complementation | Way to make sure that we get all essential amino acid by combining various of LBV foods together |
| Give 1 example of protein complementation | Peanut butter is LBV and bread too. Therefore peanut butter sandwich is made. |
| What are the 4 protein alternatives? | Soya beans, Mycoprotein, Textured Vegetable Protein, Tofu |
| How is mycoprotein made? | Combining fungus and egg white, vegans version is made using potato starch |
| What does TVP stand for | Textured Vegetable Protein |
| What are tofu made of | Curdled soya milk |
| What kind of people need more protein? | Pregnant women, child and adolescent |
| What are the consequences of consuming excess of protein? | Strain livers and kidneys |
| What are the 3 consequences of not consuming enough protein | Hair loss, slow growth, poor digestion |
| What are the two diseases caused by deficiency of protein | Kwashiorkor and oedema |
| What does oedema mean | Swelling caused by build up of fluid |
| List 4 reasons why we need fat? | 1. Provide energy 2. forming cholesterol 3. providing insulation (heat) 4. source of vitamin (ADEK) |
| What is the definition of cholesterol? | A vital component of cell membrane |
| What are fat made up of? | Triglycerides (esters formed form fatty acids and glycerol) |
| What are fatty acids? | Chains of carbon atom bonded to hydrogen atoms |
| What is the chemical bond for saturated fat? | Single C-C bond |
| What is the chemical bond for unsaturated fat? | One or more C=C double bond |
| Saturated fat are from what food source and what state is it at room temperature? | Animal source, solid |
| Unsaturated fat are from what food source and what state is it at room temperature | Vegetable source with high-fat content, liquid |
| What are the two types of unsaturated fat | Monosaturated and polysaturated fats |
| What is the difference between monosaturated fat and polysaturated fat? | Monosaturated have one C=C double bond, polysaturated has two or more C=C double bond |
| What are examples of monosaturated fat | Avocado, hazelnuts |
| What are examples of polysaturated fat | Walnuts, seeds |
| What are the amount of fat most that an adult needs to intake daily | 70g (less than 20g saturated) |
| How many percentage of fat is needed in the daily food intake? And also saturated fat | 35% and saturated fat 11% |
| What are the three consequences of excess of fat | Gaining weight, raise cholesterol level, high blood pressure |
| What are the three diseases caused by excess of fat | Obesity, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart diseases |
| What happens of fat to cause cholesterol level to rise | Fat restricts the flow of blood around body by clogging blood vessels |
| What are the three consequences of deficiency of fat | Less insulation (heat), loss weight, dont get enough fat soluble vitamin (ADEK) which causes bones cruises easier |
| What are two major types of carbohydrate | Sugar and starch |
| Is sugar simple or complex? What is sugar also called as? | Simple, it is also called as 'empty calories' as it supplies energy without providing any nutritional benefits |
| Is starch simple or complex carbs? What are three examples of starchy food? Those foods contain what three types of micronutrients? | Complex. paste, rice, beans. Vitamin B, Iron, Calcium |
| Bodies converts starch and sugar into what? | Glucose, it is then absorbed in blood and converted into energy |
| Where are carbohydrate stored in the body | Liver and muscles |
| What are the two examples of complex carbohydrate | Starch polysaccharides |
| Why are energy released slower in complex carbohydrate | Because it cannot be digested as quickly as simple carbs therefore raises blood sugar more slowly |
| What are the two types of sugar molecule in simple carbs | Monosaccharides and disaccharides |
| What are monosaccharides and list two examples of it | Basic sugar molecules. Glucose and fructose |
| What are disaccharides and list one example of it | Two monosaccharides. surcose |
| Why does simple carbohydrate have short energy burst? | It digests quickly, which raises blood sugar level faster |
| What does the GI stand for | Glycaemic Index |
| What is a Glycaemic Index | Ranks carbs on how quickly they change blood sugar level |
| What are the two things that high GI foods do. What are the 3 examples of high GI foods? | High GI foods are digest by body rapidly, causing quicker raise of blood sugar level. White bread, White rice, Rice cakes |
| What are the two things that low GI foods do. What are the 3 examples of low GI foods? | Low GI foods are digest by the body slowly, causing slow changes on blood sugar level. Lentils, sweet potato, whole wheat bread |
| What kind of people uses Glycaemic Index | Diabetics people |
| How many percentage from the daily energy intake is carbs? | 50%, 5% from added sugar |
| What are the 4 consequences of excess of carbs | Tooth decay, type 2 diabetes, high blood sugar level, build up fat |
| What are the 4 consequences of deficiency of carbs | Low blood sugar level, weight loss, fat deficiency, protein deficiency |
| What are starch? | It is a form of carbohydrates, referred to non-starch polysaccharide or roughage |
| What are the 5 sources of fiber | Fruits, vegetables, beans and pulses, nuts and seeds, wholegrain breakfast cereals |
| What are the 5 deficiency of fiber? | Weight gain, high blood pressure, heart disease, bowel cancer, constipation |
| What are the amount of fiber needed for a day | 30g for adults and lesser for children |
| What are the two types of vitamins? | Fat soluble and water soluble |
| What happens to fat soluble vitamins that are not used in fat tissues | Body will store it, which means there is a risk of storing excess of fat soluble vitamins |
| What vitamins does fat-soluble vitamins include? | Vitamin A D E K |
| What are the three uses of vitamin A? | Growth, good eyesight, keeping immune system healthy |
| What vitamins are antioxidant | Vitamin A C E |
| What does antioxidant vitamin mean | It protects cells form free radicals |
| What happens if you consume excess of vitamin A | Weakens bones |
| Who is not suitable to consume too much of vitamin A | Pregnant women |
| What are the 4 consequences of not consuming enough vitamin A | Weaken immune system, blindness at night, stunt growth and inflamed skin |
| How much in mg does an adult need of vitamin A in a day? | 0.7mg for men and 0.6mg for women |
| What are the uses of vitamin D | Helps mineral absorption specifically calcium |
| What foods contain vitamin A | Carrots, orange coloured fruits, leafy vegetables |
| What things and foods contain vitamin D | Fish, livers, fatty fish, sunlight |
| What happens if consume excess of vitamin D | Absorb too much calcium (damage kidneys) |
| What 3 disease will we have if did not consume enough vitamin D | Osteoporosis, osteomalacia, rickets |
| What are the 3 uses of vitamin K | Supports immune system, maintain healthy bones, heal wounds and blood clothing |
| What foods contains vitamin K | Cheese, green tea, livers, leafy vegetables |
| What are the consequences of having too much of vitamin K | You can't have too much of vitamin K |
| What are the consequences of deficiency of vitamin K | Specifically for babies, uncontrolled bleeding |
| How much vitamin K do we need? | 0.001mg per body weight |
| What are the 2 benefits of vitamin E | Helps immune system, healthy skin and eyes |
| What are 3 examples of vitamin E | Vegetables, nuts, seeds |
| What are the consequences of excess of vitamin E | Nauseous, blurred vision, disrupted blood clothing |
| What are the consequences of deficiency of vitamin E | Eye sight problem, weak muscles |
| What amount of vitamin E is required for both men and women per day | 4mg for men and 3mg for women |
| What is vitamin C name | Ascorbic acid |
| What is the full name of vitamin B9 | Folic acid |
| What is the full name of vitamin B12 | Cobalamin |
| What is the full name of vitamin B2 | Riboflavin |
| Why do we need to take water soluble vitamin everyday? | Because body does not store water-soluble vitamins unlike fat-soluble vitamin |
| What are the consequences of excess of water-soluble vitamins | Body excretes urine |
| What are the uses of vitamin C | Fight infection and prevent allergies, heal wounds |
| List 4 examples of vitamin C foods | Brussel sprouts, kiwifruit, cabbage, citrus fruits |
| What are the deficiency of vitamin C | Scurvy (bleeding gums), anaemia |