| Define Irritable Bowe Syndrome (IBS) | A recurrent abdominal pain associated with defecation, changes in frequency or consistency of stool. |
| Causes of IBS | - unknown
- may precipitate by stress, emotion or some drugs |
| Pathophysiology of IBS based on physiological factors (Give one only) | Altered intestinal motility
- postprandial pain
- ingestion of food high in FODMAPs (Fermentable Oligosaccharide Disaccharide Monosaccharide and Polyols) are poorly absorbed in small intestine results in increase colonic motility and secretion
Increase intestinal sensitivity
- hypersensitivity to normal amount of intraluminal secretion
- increased pain perception to the presence normal intestinal gas
- rectal sensitivity during menses
Genetic/ environmental factors
- began after acute gastroenteritis |
| Pathophysiology of IBS based on psychological factors | Stress, anxiety, depression |
| Sign and symptoms of IBS | 1. Adolescence/ 20s
2. Triggered by food or stress or drugs
3. Abdominal discomfort
4. Pain related to defecation, changes in frequency or consistency of stool
5. Feeling of incomplete evacuation/ dyspepsia/ abdominal bloating
6. Headache/ fibromyalgia |
| Differential diagnosis of IBS | - lactose intolerance
- giardiasis
- celiac disease
- drug induced diarrhea
- early IBD |
| Treatment of IBS | - low FODMAPs diet
- anti diarrheal
- anti muscarinic
- laxatives
- manage stress |
