Explain the four points under policy of expansion.

Policy of expansion: (i) Outright Wars (ii) Subsidiary Alliance - bringing Indian states under British control without actually annexing them. The Indian rulers who entered into this alliance would: •Accept the British as their supreme power. •Surrender all their alliances to the East India Company and not enter into any alliance and wage wars •Would allow one British Resident to reside at their headquarters and would not employ any other European without the consent of the British •Would maintain the British troops at their own cost •Virtually lost their independence (iii) Doctrine of Lapse - If a ruler died without a male heir to the kingdom, the kingdom would lapse and would come under the rule of the British. Major states annexed due to this: Jhansi, Satara, Nagpur. (iv) On the pretext of alleged misrule: Annexing a kingdom with the excuse of it being misgoverned. Major states annexed due to this: Awadh After annexing Awadh: people had to pay more taxes, many nobles and soldiers were out of a job, zamindars and talukdars were affected.