Name: Business Lit Flashcards
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Business Lit Flashcards - Details

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Study of vocal (and sometimes non-vocal) signals beyond the basic verbal message or speech

Paralinguistic

A stereotype or electrotype

Clichés

A shortened form of a word or phrase

Abbreviation

A type of language consisting of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people

Slang

Special words or expressions used by a profession or group that are difficult for others to understand

Jargon

The state of being not or no longer needed or useful

Redundancy

A word or phrase, often an item of jargon, that is fashionable at a particular time or in a particular context

Buzz words

Making or showing an unfair or prejudicial distinction between different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex

Discriminatory Language

Exercising unscrupulous control or influence over a person or situation using language

Manipulative Language

To evoke or draw out fear from someone

Language to Elicit Fear

Polite conversation about unimportant or uncontroversial matters, especially as engaged in on social occasions

Small Talk

Poetry, etc

Language for Pleasure

Proxemics

Signed document of everyone attending, including apology letters

Attendance Register

Given in advance to the secretary to say a member cannot attend

Apologies

Something to be added at the end of something

Addendum

Committee formed for a specific purpose – dissolved on completion of the task

Ad hoc committee

List of all the topics to be discussed at the meeting, numbered in a specific order

Agenda

Declaration that the meeting will be closed for a short period of time

Adjournment

Members elected in addition to the Chairperson, Secretary and Treasurer to assist with tasks in running the organisation – commonly two

Additional Members

System used to vote or indicate a choice. Can be open or in secret

Ballot

Deciding vote given to the chairperson when there is a deadlock from members’ votes

Casting Vote

Person elected to control and direct meetings

Chairperson

Request by a member to close and vote on a matter that has been discussed at length

Closure

Small group of people appointed to certain duties of an organization

Committee

To reach agreement

Consensus

Set of principles to control the activities of the organisation

Constitution

To gather or summon for a formal meeting

Convene

To appoint or elect a member into a committee

Co-opt

A point of no agreement because votes for or against a proposal are equal – members are equally divided over an issue

Deadlock

A time restriction placed on either discussing the proposal, the time allocated to a speaker or on the length of the meeting

Guillotine Ruling

A voluntary fee allocated to a person in recognition of a service given for free

Honorarium

A private meeting held when information is sensitive or confidential

In Camera

Impartial and official record of a meeting; compiled by the secretary

Minutes

Information given in advance with the details of the venue, date and time of a meeting

Notice

Official opening of a meeting by the Chairperson

Open and Welcome

Suggestion to be considered by the meeting

Proposal

Permission given to a person to vote on someone’s behalf in their absence from the meeting

Proxy

Minimum number of members who must be present for the meeting to proceed and for decisions taken to be valid

Quorum

Decision taken

Resolution

To support a proposal

Second

Person who records the minutes

Secretary

Person responsible for the financial aspects of an organisation

Treasurer

All members vote in favor of a motion

Unanimous

Word for word

Verbatim

Method of reaching a decision

Vote

Person who usually starts the process

Sender

The process whereby the sender transfers a thought into a code of sounds, words, gestures and figures which the receiver will understand

Encoding

The information passed on

Message

The person who gets the message

Receiver

The interpretation process

Decoding

How the message is sent from the sender to receiver

Channel

The message the receiver sends back to the sender

Feedback

The barriers that prevents correct interpretation of the message

Noise

Includes communication between two individuals or small groups

Interpersonal

Different groups of people may receive the message but each one has a different interpretation

Mass

Message is transmitted from a form of mass media: Internet, Radio, Television or Print Media

Mass

Communication between a sender and a large impersonal audience who do not know each other

Mass

Any form of reaction in this category is not considered communicating in the form we discussed

Extra Personal

The sender does not expect verbal feedback

Extra Personal

Most frequently used category of communication in day-to-day situations

Interpersonal

Thinking to ourselves

Intrapersonal

Communication between people

Interpersonal

Formalise and order thoughts before we give an opinion

Intrapersonal

The thoughts we have before we express them to anyone else

Intrapersonal

Communication between a person and something that is not a person

Extra Personal

Passive activity requiring only partial awareness of noise with no intent to respond

Hearing

Associated with listening

Hearing

Listening is the active process of receiving and responding to messages

Hearing

Passing through device to remove unwanted material

Filtering

The deliberate manipulation of information to make it appear more favorable to receiver

Filtering

Making sense of it

Interpreting

Giving feedback to the communicator

Responding

To bring to mind or to think of again

Remembering

Look for main purpose and focus on message

Active

Continuously evaluate and analize during the conversation

Critical

Listen and then respond

Appreciative

Ears the message, tries to understand the sender’s point of view, checks for understanding, and interprets and responds appropriately

Reflective

Actual noises that confuse or totally prevent a message from being heard correctly

Physical

Includes disabilities and other symptoms that makes you struggle to concentrate

Physiological

Includes attitude and emotions. Sender’s attitude is equally important

Psycological

Individual perspectives – interests, training and background

Perceptual

When the meaning of the actual words are misunderstood

Semantic

Different cultures with different values and meanings of certain words

Intercultural

Refers to the regulation of air flow in and out of the lungs. Breathing should remain normal so that pauses in speech occur naturally

Breath Control

Used to control breathing, pitch, rate, and projection. Good speakers are able to remove tension from their bodies and use their voices to maximum effect.

Relaxation

The way in which words are formed and language is spoken. Influenced by the area in which the speaker lived or lives, education, social class and ethnicity and whether the speaker lisps or not

Pronunciation

Throwing the voice to the listener. Reaches its audience at a comfortable volume and pitch

Projection

Process of making sounds, syllables, and words with your tongue, lips, teeth, jaw, and palate. Different languages can have an effect

Articulation

Refers to the quality or character of your voice – Attitude. Indicates what emotions you are feeling

Tone

Needs to be adjusted according to the size of the room, size of the audience, and distracting voices. Correct choice for the situation indicates confidence and competence

Volume

Refers to how high or low your voice is. Considered as the most important aspect of voice control

Pitch

Refers to how quickly or slowly you speak

Rate

Used extensively in the business environment. It May be used to recruit staff, deal with complaints from staff or customers, or to get feedback about products or services

Interviews

Speaking clearly and using simple language will ensure that anyone can understand the message. The key is to find a solution. Logic and structure are crucial to clarity.

Explaining or Solving Problems

Tends to be more one-way with the speaker more in control. The purpose is to share information – helping someone to learn something or solve a problem

Giving Instructions and Directions

Probably most common in the workplace. Purpose of the discussion needs to be clear so that messages is understood correctly and points of action that need to be taken by the participants are clear

Informal Group Discussions

Team members work together to decide on a solution to one or many problems

Problem Solving

Meetings take place over audio or video conferencing rather transferring everyone to a mutual location

Technology-driven

Staff member, director or representative of a company meets with outside companies, clients, suppliers, media, or governing bodies

Consulting

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